04-01-01-Future Simple

Used to communicate about future, or after now.

We can express planned future with Present continuous or with the phrase going to

Eg: I going to meet Paul tomorrow, I'm meeting Paul tomorrow.

But if it is an unplanned or formal situations we use Future simple.

Eg: I will meet Paul tomorrow

​

Rule

• Subject + will + main verb (I, You,We, They, He, She, It)

• Do not use the contractions in formal sentences

• Do not use will with conditional clauses

​

Situations where we use Future Simple

​

Formal and informal programs;

The convention will begin at 8:30 AM

I will come today

​

Planned or unplanned events

PLOTIT will release a new course on December 2nd.

I think he will come tomorrow

I will pay in cash

​

Predictions

As per whether forecast, it will rain today

I don't think he will work tomorrow

​

immediate future 

I will be there in five minutes 

Paul will pick you up from railway station

May be the program will finish in 1 hour

​

Promising

I will come back in 10 minutes

​

Offering

Tom will help you to complete the wok

​

Conditional clauses

I will see you, if I will visit Kerala (Wrong usage)

I will see you, if I visit Kerala

Same rule applies with when, as soon as, before, after 

​

Negative

Tom will not help you to complete the wok

I will not come back in 10 minutes

​

Questions

Will you come back in 10 minutes?

Will you work tomorrow? Yes I will (No contraction) or No I won't (Informal)

Will you come on time? Yes I will

​

04-01-02-Shall or Will

Shall is an archaic usage. You will see shall instead of will in old books

 

We use shall when we offer something

Eg: Shall I get you a coffee?

​

We use shall when we ask something politely

​

04-02-01-Future Continuous/Progressive

Future Continuous - Shows it is continuous for some time, or for a period of duration in future

eg: I will be working from 8:00 AM to 10:AM

​

Rule

• Subject + will be + verb + ing (I, You,We, They, He, She, It)

• Stative verbs are not to be used in future continuous.

​

Situations where we use Future Continuous

​

Duration of time

I will be travelling from 7th to 10th of next month

​

A moment in a period of time

I will be travelling on 8th of next month

​

Activities that are continues together

Next week, Paul will be taking classes on English and Jim will be presenting the slides

​

Polite questions

Will you be attending the meeting tomorrow?

​

Negative

Tom will not be working tomorrow

​

Questions

Will you be coming tomorrow?

Will Shiji be attending the party tomorrow? Yes, she will or No She won't

Will they be watching this movie?

How long they will be working?

Where they will be going?

​

04-03-01- Future Perfect

Future Perfect is an advanced tense, which can be used in:

1) An action that will be completed before a specific time in the future 

2) An action that will be completed before an another action in the future

​

Rule

• Subject + will have + Past Participle of the verb (I, You,We, They, He, She, It)

​

Eg: They will have finished the food before you reach

​

Situations where we use Future Perfect

​

Before a specific time in future

By next July, I will have finished my post graduation and IELTS exams

Tom will have arrived by 10:00 PM

Shiji will have left the office by 6:00 PM

We will have taken the vaccine before June

By next June, I will have been completed my 10 year service in this company

By 8:00 AM, Jim will have had his breakfast

Anoop will have finished the work by tomorrow.

​

Before a specific action

They will have finished the food before you reach

I will have prepared all the foods before the program starts

By the time he gets to the station, the train will have left

​

Negative

I will not have prepared all the foods before the program starts

Doctor will not have arrived by that time

Anoop will not have finished his work by tomorrow.

​

Questions

Will you have arrived by 6:00 PM?

Smitha, will you have arrived office by then?

Will She have left the office by 5:00 PM?

Will Anoop have finished the work by tomorrow?

​

04-04-01- Future Perfect Continuous

​

• Future Perfect Continuous tense is also called Future Perfect Progressive Tense

• We express the continuity of a future event, Emphasis goes to the future event's continuity.

• Eg: By next week, I will have been studying the English course for one month

• If two actions take place in the future, the first one which will be continued is Future Perfect Continuous Tense and the second one is Simple Present Tense.

​

Rule

• Subject + will have been + verb + ing (I, You,We, They, He, She, It)

• Stative verbs are not be used (know, believe, realise, love, hate, own, belong)

• We use this tense usually with the context of time or action. (I will have been playing the Piano for two years-Incorrect usage. Correct usage - By next year,I will have been playing the Piano for two years- )

​

Situations where we use Future Perfect Continuous

​

Continuous event at a specific time in the future

Next year , I will have been completing 50 years of service in this company.

By the time I arrive in Kochi, I will have been travelling for 12 hours

​

Before another action in the future

Paul will have been travelling to London before he reach India​

They will have been waiting there for one hour by the time I meet them.

​

Negative

They will not have been waiting there for one hour by the time I meet them.

​

Questions

Will I have been travelling for 12 hours?

Will you have been waiting for 2 hours?

How long will you have been travelling to reach Kochin?

​